Wire-nail machine



(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet l. G. M. FISH & C. J. F. KRAFT.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

No. 368,465. Patented Aug. 16, 1887.

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WW czvweei zez mflw (No Model.) 8 Sheets-Sheet 2. G. M. FISH & O. J. F. KRAFT.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE. No. 368,465.

Patented Aug. 16, 1887.

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(No MdeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 3. G. M. FISH 81; G. J. F. KRAFT.

WIRE NAIL MACHINE.

No. 368,465. Patented Aug. 16, 1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT CFEicE.

GEORGE M. FISH, OF CHICAGO, AND CHARLES J. F. KRAFT, OF JOLIET, ILLINOIS.

WIRE-NAIL MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 368,465, dated August 16, 1887.

Application filed August 18, 1886. Serial No. 211.231.

To all whom, it may cofwern:

Be it known that we, GEORGE M. FIsH, of Chicago, in Cook county,lllinois, and CHARLES J. F. KRAFT, of'Joliet, in the connty'of Will and State of Illinois, both citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in XVire-Nail Machines, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain improve- I mentsin wire-nail machines wherein the operagrip in its order.

tive parts are rotated continuously in one direction and the wire from which nails are cut is fed forward into the machine continuously, and wherein a series of duplicate grips are arranged to automatically grip the nail-blanks as they are cut loose from the feeding -wire, the feeding mechanism being so timed with the blank-cutters that a nail-blank of sufficient length for two nails is cut each time foreach A pair of a series of oppositely-arranged nail-headers are brought to bear against each nail-blank, one at either end, each in their order, to form the heads of the nails, and wherein said headed nail-blanks are centrally engaged, each in their order, by a pair of a series of point-cutters, cutting the nail-blanks in two and forming a point on each part, when the grip is released and the completed nails are pointed to drop from the machine, the construction and operation of which are fully set forth and explained in the following specification and claims, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and theletters and figures thereon, which form a part of this specification, in which-- Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machine. Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of the machine on line 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a plan View of the spur-gear mechanism of the machine. Fig. 4 is a detail view showing a portion of the rim of the principal wheel of the machine, with a nail-header pivotally secured thereto, and a portion of a stationary cam for regulating the position of the headers. Fig. 5 is a detailed horizontal longitudinal section of the principal wheel and the blank and pointcutter heads of the machine, together with their immediate parts, said view being taken on line 3 of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a detailed side view of a portion of the rim of the principal wheel of the machine having a nail-blank grip (No model.)

pivotally secured thereto, and aportion ofthe stationary guide under which said grips pass as they grip a nail-blank. Fig. 7 is a detailed peripheral view of a portion of the principal wheel or rim thereof of the machine, showing the partsseoured thereto forgripping and heading a nail-blank. Figs. 8 and 9 are detailed views of wire-feeding rolls. Fig. 10 is a side view of a headed nail before being cut in two. Figs. 11 and 12 are views of complete wire nails, being the product of the machine. Fig. 13 is a view ofa portion of one of the gripplates of the machine. Fig. 14 is a perspective view of one of the nail-point cutters of the machine, and Fig. 15 is a detailed View of the nail-heading mechanism.

B represents the bed of the machine mounted on legs L, and has securely fixed to it the sev eral boxes for supporting the several shafts of the machine to which the operative parts are fixed.

A represents the principal wheel of the machine, which has a side-extending rim, A. On the sides of said rim are a series of equidistant ear-lugs, V, oppositely arranged in pairs, between which are pivotally secured a series of oppositely-facing headers, Z. (See Figs. 1 and 7.) In the center of the said rim, on its periphery, are a series of equidistant ear-lugs, V", (see Fig. 7,) to which are pivotally secured a series of grips, (0, arranged to operate in conjunction with the headers Z. (See Figs. 1, 5, 6, and 7.) Said headers are arranged to swing out to admit said blanks into the machine between their dies into the grip of their fellow parts, when they are pressed against said blanks simultaneously, one from each side, with sutficient pressure to upset and form nail-heads, one on either end of the blank, when they will appear as shown in Fig. 10, and said headers are forced and held out, as stated, by means of coilsprings a, arranged under them, and are prevented from swinging out too far by means of their toe-lugs a. (See Fig. 7.) Adjustable dies (particularly shown in Fig. 7) are set in the face of said headers for engaging and forming the nail-heads. Said grips are in like manner arranged to swing outto receive new blanks by means of coilsprings a, and are prevented from too great movement by means of their toe-lugs a, (see Fig. 6,) and adjustable grip-dies 0" are set in them to engage and grip the nail-blanks W as they are cut from the feeding-wire. m are grip-plates set into equidistant recesses in the periphery of rim A, and are so arranged that their chambers m are directly under the chambers of gripping-dies a and on a line with heading-dies as shown in Figs. 6 and7. The said grip-plates m are detachably connected to the periphery of said side'proj ecting rim or flange, A, of wheel A, so that plates of different lengths and sizes can be substituted for making different-sized nails, The shorter plates for short nails are equal in length to the width of rim N, and longer plates for long "nails extend from the sides of said rim, and

in adjusting said plates the gripping-dies 0 are in each case set sothat their outer faces will be equal with that part of and perfectly fit said grip-plates, and the heading-dies o are also adjustable, so they will in each case be brought up square against the nail-blanks W to properly formtheir heads. The said side projecting rim or flange, A, is integral with wheel A, and is for the purpose of supporting the mechanism ,for grasping and heading the nail-blanks as they are fed in across its face, and is provided with a series of equidistant radial mortises, y, in which the cutters d 11 meet to sever the nail-blank while it is held closely about the nail-blanks which are seated in their 'channels,so said burrs will be pressed into and roughen said blanks, and they are thus securely seated whilebeing headed, and the faces of said grips form a surface against Which the nail-heads are formed.

H is a head-block secured to bed B, as shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and has set therein astationary cutter, F, arranged to extend near one side of rim A and between said rim and the headers Z, asshown in Figs. 1, 2, and 5, and c is, a rotating cutter-head arranged within the rim A onshaft S,boxed tobed B in boxes D, and has duplicate cutters F arranged to operate in conjunction with each section of said rim and shear with'cutter F" to cut loose the nail-blanks W. The wire W,from which nails are cut, is fed into the machine by means of feed-rolls 0 arranged in a housing, H, and geared together at c",(see Fig. 1,) in the ordinary manner, and are driven by shaft S, through the medium of miter-gears n and spurgears e and 6. (See also Fig. 1.) A guide, 0, conducts wire W to the rolls 0, and a' guide, 9, conducts it from said rolls into the machine under stationary cutter F and under the grips a, as stated, and when enough w'ire has passed under said grips for two nails the cutters shear with each other and cut it loose from the wire; andas the parts are continuously advancing, the parts integral with the periphery of rim A move out of the path of the next succeeding blank 'as it is fed forward, which path is shown by dotted lines in Fig. 7,under grip a.

For holding the grips a down upon plates an after a blank has been gripped, a pair of arched guides,G G,are used,which are secured to bed B, and arranged one over each fork of said grips above rim A, leaving a space between them to correspond with the space'be- Wis fed under cutter F at a place just be-' yond the circuit of headers Z, (see Figs. 2 and 5,) andat the instant it is cut loose the dies 0 of grips a have advanced and engaged said out blank,(see Fig.6,) and at the same instant the engaging-grip engages spring G of the guide G,which instantly closes said grip down upon the blank and grips it between the dies 0 and platem and between the heading-dies 0*. (See Fig. 5.) As each nail-blank W is thus cut and gripped, it is carried on within said grip, (which is held to itswork by guides G,) with its ends projecting from its gripping die and plate untilits headers engagethe compressingrolls B B, which are arranged on short shafts in boxes D,'one at each side of wheel A, as shown in Fig. 1, (see also Fig. 7,) and so arranged as to'bring said headers against the blank W, one at each end thereof, to form the heads, as stated; and. during the process of heading, grips a are passing under eompressblank W in its order to securely grip it during the process of heading. At the junction of roll It guides G are cut away and have side plates m, between each pair of headers and.

between the'forks of each grip, is a mortise,

(See Figs. 1 and 7.)

3 (see Figs. 1, 5, 6, and 7,) so arranged that.

the nail-blanks \V span them. and 7.)

(See Figs. 1

P is a rotary cutter-head, arranged in line I with wheel A and fixed on shaft S in boxes I), which are secured to bed B, and has fixed therein a series of duplicate pointcutting ters is shown in Fig. 1.4, their cutting-edges being X-shaped, with the sides of their hollows d d between their diverging cuttingedges, formed at right angles with each other, so that as two such dies meet they will out two four-sided points. Said cutters d and d are operated in such time as to meet within the mortises 3 and between the forked end of grips a and upon the nail-blanks WV, each in order, after said blanks have been headed, as stated, and cut them in two and point each part, as stated.

Bevel'gears E and E, (shown in Fig. 1,) secured to shaft S, are for the purpose of driving the rolls R It, through the medium of bevel-pinions I and I.

Q represents a heavy belt-pulley, used as a balance and to drive the machine, and is fixed on shaft S, as shown in Fig. 1.

In order that the several parts of the machine shall be properly timed its several shafts are geared together, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3.

\Vheel A is shown with ten duplicate parts, and cutter-heads c and P have but five duplicate parts. Consequently they are geared to twice the speed by means of gears J"and J", respectively, through the medium of idlergears K K, from gear J of drive-shaft S.

Head 1?, having ten duplicate parts, must have motion equal with wheel A, and as it is driven from shaft S with doubled speed it is geared back, one to two, by means of gears J and J", and roll R is geared four to one of wheel A by means of gears J and J*.

If it is desired to feed the nail-blanks IV closer to rim A and decrease the movement of the grips a, which lessens the liability of the blanks flying out when cut loose, the headers Z are arranged to move toward and from axle S by means of their supportingdugs V being pivoted to rim A and having an extending arm, V, (see Fig. 4,) with forks to ride over a cam-flange, N, of a fixed plate or frame, N, which will at the proper time, where the nailblanks are fed in, move in said headers to be out of the way, and when advanced will resu me their proper operative position by means of the form of flange N. The headers Z of but one side of rim A are thus arranged, as the wire \V feeds from but one side.

To produce a quick stroke of the headers Z, the compressingrolls R It may be displaced by eccentrics 1, (shown in Fig. 15,) having arms extending from their straps, which are provided with small rolls t, arranged in their extending end, set to engage said headers in their order and force them against the nailblanks and timed to engage a header at each stroke. Pivotal boxes secured to side brackets of boxes D (see Fig. 15) properly support said eccentric-arms.

XVhen desired, the feed-rolls are burred, as shown in Fig. 8, to roughen the nail-wire the entire length as it is fed forward to make nails, as shown in Fig. 12, or the feed-rolls may be corrugated, as shown in Fig. 9, which will corrugate the wire IV, as shown at \W in. said figure, and make nails, as shown in Fig.1l.

The mortises 3 through rim A are of sufficient width, so that the point-cutters (Z and (1 may be set to engage the nail-blanks WV at one side from their center,in such manner that two nails of different lengths may be cut and pointed from a single blank, and thus several lengths of nails may be made from blanks of the same length by arranging said pointcutters at different stations.

Ihe duplicate parts of this machine may be increased or decreased in number, as desired.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as n ew,and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows, to wit:

1. In a wire-nail machine, the combination ofa wheel provided with an extending side rim and having a series of equidistant gripping plates or dies set in said rim and mortised through said rim and plates, of a series of equidistant forked nail-blank grips pivotally secured to the periphery of said rim, of a series of pairs of equidistant nail-blank headers pivotally secured to the sides of said rim, of .l'ecdrolls for feeding wire into the machine, of a stationary cutter and a series of rotating cutters for cutting loose the nailblanks, of stationary guides for closing and holding said grips upon the nail-blanks, of compressing-rolls for clamping and heading the 11ail-blanks, and of a series of rotating point-cutters for cutting in two and pointing each part of the nail-blanks, in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

2. In the wire-nail machine shown and described, the combination of the series of equidistant nail-blank grips, the headers, and the point-cutters adapted to form two nails from, one nail-blank, substantially as set forth.

3. In the wire-nail machine described, the combination of wheel A, having its rim mortised, as set forth, with the headers Z, pivotally secured to said rim in pairs facing each other, nail-blank grips a, pivot-ally secured to said rim and forked to extend at each side of said mortises in such manner that gripped nailblanks will span said mortises and their central part be exposed to the action of point cutters, and the point-cutters d and (1, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4. A rotary wirenail machine constructed substantially as shown and described, wherein a series of equidistant duplicate nail-blank gripping and heading dies pivotally secured to each side of the rim of a wheel are ar ranged, in combination with guides and compressingrolls, to grip and head each end of the nail-blanks, and point-cutting dies arranged to cut in two and point each part of said blanks to make two nails from a single blank, in the manner specified.

5. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with wheel A,having the rim'A; constructed as shown, the forked nail-blank grips a, headers Z, guides 'G, rolls R, R, and It, and point-cutters d and d,construeted and operating in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. In the wire-nail machine described, and in combination with wheel A and its gripping and heading mechanism, the stationary cutter F and rotating cutters F, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. In the wire-nail machine described, in

IIO

combination with wheel A, having the side eX- I tending rim, A, the guides G, wire feeding and cutting mechanism, and the nail-blank grips a, constructed and operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

8. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with wheel A, constructed as set forth, the grips a, headers Z, guides G, and rolls R, It, and R, arranged to operate in the manner substantially as and for the purpose specified.

9. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with rim A and rolls It, R, and It, and means, substantially as set forth, for gripping a nail -blauk, the headers Z, constructed and arranged to operate in the manncr and for the purpose specified.

10. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with rim A and lugs 12, the nailblank grips a, constructed and arranged to operate in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

11. In the wire-nail machine described, in

combination with rim A, guides G, roll IR, and the means, substantially as set forth, for simultaneously heading each end of a nailblank, the grips a, constructed and arranged to operate in the manner and for the purpose set forth. 12. In the wire-nail machine described, the wheel A, having the side extending rim, A, in combination withthe means, substantially as set forth, for gripping and pointing the nail-blanks in the manner specified.

13. In the wire-nail machine described, the

combination,with rim A, of the headers Z and rolls R R, wherein said headers are arranged to accomplish their work by passing under and receiving pressure from said rolls, in the man'- ner substantially'as and for the purpose specified.

14.. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with rim A of wheel A, the guides G, nail-blank grips a, and point-cutters d and d, constructed and arranged to operate'in the manner substantially as and for the purpose specified.

15. In the wire nail machine described, in

combination with rim A and lugs 12, the headers Z, constructed and arranged to operate in the manner substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

16. In the wire'nail machine described, in combination with the nail-blank grips a, the guides G, having the yielding plates G, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

17. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with rim A, the plates at, and the nailblank grips a, the compressingroll R, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

18. In the wire-nail machine described, in

19. In the, wire-nail machine shown and described, and in combination with the wheel A, having the side extending rim or flange, A, provided with a series of equidistant radial mortises and having mechanism for holding the nail-blank, as shown, the cutters d and (1, having their cutting-edges formed X-shaped and adapted to cut and form two four-sided nail-points simultaneously at each operation of the machine, substantially as specified.

20. In the wire-nail machine described, and in combination with rim A and nail-blank grips a, the plates or dies m, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

21. In the wire-nail machine shown and de' scribed, the combination of the wheel A, having the side projecting flangeor rim, A, pro vided with a series of equidistant radial mortises, y, and having mechanism for holding a nail across its face and across said mortises, the cutter-heads P and P and cutters d d, said flange or rim being arranged to operate between said cutter-heads, as and for the purpose set forth.

22; In combination with the wheel A, having the side projecting rim or flange, A, provided with a series of equidistant radial mortises, the mechanism shown and described for holding the nail-blanks at each end at each .side of said mortises and so said nail-blank to be rotated and meet within said mortises and adapted to simultaneously cut and point two nails of different lengths from a single blank by means of adj ustin g said cutters within said mortises, in the manner specified.

25. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with shafts S, S, S S and S, the gearwheels J, J, J, J, J*, and J idler-gears K and K, and drive-pulley Q, as and for the purpose set forth.

26. In the wire-nail machine described, in combination with rim A, headers. Z, and camflange N, the ear-lugs v, pivotally secured to said rim and having forked arms 1;, constructed and arranged to operate said headers in the manner and for the purpose specified.

27. In the wire-nail machine described, the feed rolls 0", having corrugated. peripheral grooves, as set forth, adapted to corrugate the nail-wire as it is fed into the machine, as and for the purpose specified.

. GEORGE M. FISH.

CHARLES J. F. KRAFT. 

